The East India Company came to India during the period of 1600-1675. For the smooth functioning of the East India Company they came up with many charters that were very similar to the laws of England. The invasion of Britishers in India in the form of the East India Company started during 1600. The company came up with a charter in 1601.
The charter grant power to the governor and the company to make, ordain and constitute reasonable laws, constitutions, etc. Basically for the good governance of the company. During this period they were not concern about ruling India. But made all the laws and charters for the smooth functioning of the company in the country.
Time passed and gradually the company started improving their grip over the administration and governance of the country. They came up with the charter of 1726 which had a great legislative significance. The company started giving power in the hands of those who had knowledge about the Indian Constitution. The charter gave powers to the governors, and council of their presidencies to make bylaws, ordinances, rules, and punishment.
The British rule started in India during the period 1765-1858. During this period the company came up with several rules and Acts. The main Acts were Regulating Act, 1773, Act of Settlement, 1781, Charter Act,1813, Charter Act, 1833, Charter Act, 1853, etc. The company rule ended in India during the period of 1858-1919.
Government of India Act was passed in the year 1858. Under this Act of 1858 there was a transfer of the Government of India from the hands of the East India Company to the British crown. After this India govern under the name of her majesty. The board of control and board of directors were abolish. Their powers are give to one the State secretary of her majesty. All the powers over India were exercise by The Secretary of State for India. They are assist by the council of fifteen members. This was called the council of India.
After this the government came with the Indian Council Act, 1816 and Councils Act, 1892.
Then came the Indian Councils Act 1909 which was commonly, the Morley Minto reform. According to this Act pass by the British parliament. There was a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of India. Then the Indian council Act, 1919 was passed.
After this Act the government came with a very important Act called The Government of India Act, 1935. Indian constitution is a by-product of the Government of India Act, 1935. It is the longest act pass by the British government with 321 sections and 10 schedules.
Federalism, which is one of the basic features of the Indian constitution. It is incorporate and add from the Government of India Act, 1935. As a result of which we have a division of power between the center and the state. It have the Union Government at the Central and State Governments at the state level. Also the concept of Provincial autonomy from this Act. Apart from the Government of India Act, 1935 Indian constitution has also borrowed several Provisions from the constitution of different countries.
In the year 1947 India get its independence and the last Act, the Indian Independence Act of 1947 pass. The framing of the constitution started during the period of 1947-1950. The drafting committee prepared the draft of the Indian Constitution after looking into the constitutions of various countries. The constituent assembly discuss all the pros and cons of different provisions in the constitution of different countries and finally on 26th January 1950 the Constitution of India is adopt.
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