Stockholm Conference

Introduction

The UN Conference on Human Nature was held in Stockholm from 5 to 16 June 1972. The conference co-authored an important declaration, known as the Stockholm Declaration on Environment. This highly-publicized announcement on the human condition made the conference so full of research and protection on the environment.

General framework for the conference

The general framework of the conference involves human settlement and environmental quality.

Problems with Human Resource Management:

The planning and management of human settlements of natural quality, including housing problems, changing shelters, slums, family planning, malnutrition, and noise.

Environmental Management:

Environmental aspects of natural resource management, including the establishment of biodiversity banks, forests, and wildlife. As well as the question of the development of water, minerals, and economic resources without minimal harm to the environment.

Pollution Control Measures:

Identification and control of pollution in a broad range of countries. Including the establishment of air and general water pollution limits, pollution research, and pollution control technologies.

Social and Cultural Areas:

Educational, informational, social, and cultural issues of environmental issues, including public and special education.

Development and Environment:

Development and the environment include, inter alia, the opportunity to reduce pollution by switching to natural materials from synthetic materials.

Proclamation of the Conference

The announcement of the Stockholm Conference is given below:

• Man is a designer and creator of his environment. It provides him with physical nourishment and allows him to grow mentally, morally, socially, and spiritually. In the gruesome and brutal transformation of the human race on this planet, the stage is reach where, through the rapid advance of science and technology, man has acquire the power to change his environment in many ways and at an unprecedented rate. Both spheres of human nature, natural and human, are essential to his health and enjoyment of basic human rights, as well as the right to life itself.
• Protecting and improving the human environment is a major problem affecting human well-being and economic development worldwide. It is an urgent wish of the people of the world and the work of all governments.
• A person must gather experience and continue to acquire, establish, create, and develop. Man’s ability to change his environment, when used wisely, can bring development benefits to all people, improving the quality of life. Used improperly, the same energy can cause uneven damage to the environment. We see dangerous levels of pollution of water, air, earth and living things; disturbances in the estimation of natural ecosystems; reduction of resources; and severe deficiencies that harm the physical, mental and social health of a person, in a man-made environment, especially in the area of ​​living and working.
• In developing countries, most of the environmental problems are cause by under-construction. Millions live below the minimum standards needed for a healthy lifestyle, deprived of adequate food and clothing, shelter and education, health, and sanitation.

Procedure taken to solve issues-

 Developing countries must coordinate their efforts to develop, protect, and improve the environment. For the same purpose, developed countries should make efforts to reduce the gap between them and developing countries. In developed countries, environmental problems are often related to industrial and technological production.

• Continuous population growth presents problems with conservation, and adequate policies and procedures should be taken to address these problems.
• A point has been reached, where we must carefully evaluate our actions with an understanding of the effects of the environment. Ignorance or apathy can be very damaging and irresistible to the environment on which life depends. To achieve freedom in the natural world, one must use knowledge to create, in conjunction with nature, a better place.
• The Summit calls on governments and individuals to make a concerted effort to preserve and improve the environment, for the benefit of all people and future generations.

Principles and Recommendations of the Conference

Stockholm Environmental Proclamation includes the announcement of 26 regulations and the submission of recommendations.

 Important principles:

I. The right to protect the environment:

Man has the fundamental right to freedom, equality, and adequate living conditions in an environment conducive to a dignified and healthy life and is responsible for protecting and improving the environment of present and future generations.

II. Natural Resource Management:

Earth’s natural resources, including air, water, land, plants, and animals and especially representative environmental samples, should be protected for the benefit of present and future generations through careful planning or proper management.

(a) Non-renewable resources:

The non-renewable resources of the world should be used in such a way as to avoid eroding their future and ensuring that the benefits from this work are shared by all.

(b) Renewable Resources:

The capacity of the world to produce essential resources for renewal must be maintain and, where possible, restore, or improve.

III. Wildlife Conservation:

Man has a special responsibility for protecting and prudently managing the heritage of wildlife and its habitat, which is now largely cause by a combination of opposites. Conservation of biodiversity, including wildlife, must therefore be essential for planning for economic development.

IV. People’s Goal:

Population policies should be implemented, where population growth or overcrowding is likely to have a detrimental effect on the environment or development.

V. Environment and development:

To achieve sound management of resources and thus improve the environment, States must adopt an integrated and systematic approach to planning their development to ensure that development is in line with the need to protect and improve the human environment.

Environmental policies of all countries should promote and not adversely affect the current or future development of developing countries, and should not interfere with the attainment of universal living conditions.

VI. Pollution Control:

The country will take all measures to prevent marine pollution by its obligations to create a hazard to human health, harm to marine living resources and marine life, to damage the resources or disrupt other legitimate marine use. Science and technology must be used to identify, prevent, and control environmental hazards and the solution to environmental problems and the common good of mankind.

VII.Service Planning:

Resources should be made available for the preservation and development of the environment, taking into account the needs of developing countries and any costs that may come from their combination of environmental protection in their development plans and the need for additional international technical and financial assistance for this purpose.

VIII. Prohibit Nuclear Weapons:

Man and his environment must be saved from the effects of nuclear weapons and all other means of mass destruction. The country must strive to reach an immediate agreement, on appropriate international frameworks, on the destruction and destruction of such weapons.