Introduction:
In today’s world, we have become far developed and advance from the barbaric times; and with the changing times humans evolved themselves into groups and framed laws so as to organize themselves. But, as the organisations developed, the need and want for the power has also increased and so it has led to the wars between nations, thus depriving many with lives and basic utilities. People were treated inhumanely, by starving them to death, using them as slaves, human trafficking etc. all the atrocities have been increasing mainly during the World Wars since a number of chemicals and gasses were used to make people suffer; in the mid-18th century, the colonies rebelled for their freedom.
It was during this time that many realised that there was a need to develop rules so as to ensure that every human on the earth is treated with minimum respect and that they live with dignity. The first step towards recognition of rights of humans is the removal of slavery and untouchability, though it has taken a lot of efforts in countries like India, the fighters have been successful to abolish these inhumanities against people. In India, along with the abovementioned disparities, problems such as sati and child marriage posed a serious threat to the humanity.
Hence, our freedom fighters, along with fight for liberty and freedom from the colonial rule, fought for the removal of superstitions to give the real definition of Human Rights, these fights have become the base for the Human Rights that have evolved in India.
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is one of the first international conventions regarding Human Rights that have been adopted in 1948, which hold the Human rights as “Universal, Inalienable and essential in nature.”
The convention describes 30 Human rights that are available to every human being, some of them are:
- Freedom from discrimination
- Right to life
- Freedom from slavery
- Right to recognition before the law
- Freedom from torture
- Right to equality before the law
- Right to remedy
- Freedom from arbitrary detention
- Right to Fair trial
- Presumption of innocence
- Right to privacy
- Right to asylum
- Freedom of Movement
- Right to nationality
- Right to marry and to have a family
- Freedom Of Religion
- Right to own property
- Freedom of Expression
- Right to work
- Right to education
- Freedom of assemble and association
- Right to a free and fair world
If given a thorough glance, we can identify that all of the above mentioned internationally recognized human rights are available to Indian citizens, under various articles of Indian Constitution in Part II (fundamental rights) and Part IV (Directive principles of State Policy). Hence, India being a signatory to the UDHR has always ensured to fulfil its obligations to ensure human rights of all. The constitution of India, under Part III and Part IV lay down various rights that are available to the citizens of India from their birth. These rights are not given by any authority and so cannot be taken away from the citizens.
The constitutional framers, with great sense of insightness into future have laid down several fundamental rights in Part III of the constitution which is the most important aspect of public rights. The violations of these provisions, do not only call upon for a statutory action, but also for a constitutional action. But these rights are not absolute in nature; they are subject to restrictions so as to protect the public interest and in times of emergencies. However, such restrictions cannot be arbitrary in nature and should be reasonable.
CONCLUSION
India since its evolution has been a signatory to many international conventions and treaties that aim for betterment of life of common people. As the preamble states, the constitution has always worked for the people. Thereby time and again, the Indian society has evolved by protecting the Human rights of its citizens and by maintaining to follow the International Standards.
REFERENCES
https://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=23871&LangID=E
0 Comments